Memory Archives - Oliver Sacks | Official Website of Author, Neurologist & Foundation https://www.oliversacks.com/tag/memory/ Oliver Sacks was a physician, best-selling author, professor of neurology, and founder of the Oliver Sacks Foundation. Wed, 04 Jun 2025 16:11:26 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://wordpress.org/?v=6.8.3 Hallucinations https://www.oliversacks.com/oliver-sacks-books/hallucinations/ Sun, 20 Mar 2022 10:22:14 +0000 https://www.oliversacks.com/?post_type=oliver-sacks-books&p=2156 “Illuminate[s] the complexities of the human brain and the mysteries of the human mind.” — The New York Times  Hallucinations “To live on a day-to-day basis is insufficient for human beings; we need to transcend, transport, escape; we need meaning, understanding, and explanation; [...]

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“Illuminate[s] the complexities of the human brain and the mysteries of the human mind.”

— The New York Times 

Hallucinations

“To live on a day-to-day basis is insufficient for human beings; we need to transcend, transport, escape; we need meaning, understanding, and explanation; we need to see overall patterns in our lives. We need hope, the sense of a future.” —Oliver Sacks

Have you ever seen something that wasn’t really there? Heard someone call your name in an empty house? Sensed someone following you and turned around to find nothing?

Hallucinations don’t belong wholly to the insane. Much more commonly, they are linked to sensory deprivation, intoxication, illness or injury. People with migraines may see shimmering arcs of light or tiny, Lilliputian figures of animals and people. People with failing eyesight, paradoxically, may become immersed in a hallucinatory visual world. Hallucinations can be brought on by a simple fever or even the act of waking or falling asleep, when people have visions ranging from luminous blobs of color to beautifully detailed faces or terrifying ogres. Those who are bereaved may receive comforting “visits” from the departed. In some conditions, hallucinations can lead to religious epiphanies or even the feeling of leaving one’s own body.

Humans have always sought such life-changing visions, and for thousands of years have used hallucinogenic compounds to achieve them. As a young doctor in California in the 1960s, Oliver Sacks had both a personal and a professional interest in psychedelics. These, along with his early migraine experiences, launched a lifelong investigation into the varieties of hallucinatory experience.

Here, with his usual elegance, curiosity, and compassion, Dr. Sacks weaves together stories of his patients and of his own mind-altering experiences to illuminate what hallucinations tell us about the organization and structure of our brains, how they have influenced every culture’s folklore and art, and why the potential for hallucination is present in us all, a vital part of the human condition.

📷 Oliver Sacks by artist Nico Rosenfeld/DeviantArt.

Praise for Hallucinations

“Beguiling. . . . Sacks presents a field guide to our quirky operating system’s powers of deception with storytelling that makes readers feel like medical insiders.”

Chicago Tribune

Sacks has turned hallucinations from something bizarre and frightening into something that seems part of what it means to be a person. His book, too, is a medical and human triumph.” The Washington Post

“Fascinating. . . . With his special mix of patient case studies, historical accounts, reader correspondence and personal experience, Oliver Sacks has again found a way to unlock one of the mysteries of our brains.” The Miami Herald

“A thoughtful and compassionate look at the phantoms our brains can produce.” —NPR

“Escorts the reader through case studies and literary excursions into the fantastical land of our perceptions. . . . His vignettes are short, pungent and self-contained. They join his earlier books, starting with Awakenings in 1973—all building blocks that snap our increasing knowledge of the brain into focus.” The Plain Dealer

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An Anthropologist on Mars https://www.oliversacks.com/oliver-sacks-books/an-anthropologist-on-mars/ Fri, 18 Mar 2022 08:30:45 +0000 https://www.oliversacks.com/?post_type=oliver-sacks-books&p=2180 "An inexhaustible tourist at the farther reaches of the mind, Sacks presents, in sparse, unsentimental prose, the stories of seven of his patients. The result is as rich, vivid and compelling as any collection of short fictional stories." — Independent on Sunday An Anthropologist [...]

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“An inexhaustible tourist at the farther reaches of the mind, Sacks presents, in sparse, unsentimental prose, the stories of seven of his patients. The result is as rich, vivid and compelling as any collection of short fictional stories.”

— Independent on Sunday

An Anthropologist on Mars

“Back to individuals and their stories again–now explored at a length, and with a depth, beyond that of Hat, though some of the themes–autism, amnesia, Tourette’s syndrome, etc. were the same.” — Oliver Sacks

Neurological patients, Oliver Sacks has written, are travellers to unimaginable lands. An Anthropologist on Mars offers portraits of seven such travellers– including a surgeon consumed by the compulsive tics of Tourette’s Syndrome except when he is operating; an artist who loses all sense of color in a car accident, but finds a new sensibility and creative power in black and white; and an autistic professor who has great difficulty deciphering the simplest social exchange between humans, but has built a career out of her intuitive understanding of animal behavior.

These are paradoxical tales, for neurological disease can conduct one to other modes of being that–however abnormal they may be to our way of thinking–may develop virtues and beauties of their own. The exploration of these individual lives is not one that can be made in a consulting room or office, and Dr. Sacks has taken off his white coat and deserted the hospital, by and large, to join his subjects in their own environments. He feels, he says, in part like a neuroanthropologist, but most of all like a physician, called here and there to make house calls, house calls at the far borders of experience.

Along the way, he gives us a new perspective on the way our brains construct our individual worlds. In his lucid and compelling reconstructions of the mental acts we take for granted–the act of seeing, the transport of memory, the notion of color–Oliver Sacks provokes anew a sense of wonder at who we are.

Oliver Sacks and Temple Grandin

📷 Oliver Sacks and Temple Grandin

Praise for An Anthropologist on Mars

“A multi-faceted masterpiece…a joy to read….Sacks invites hope where hope has been proscribed, an act that by itself makes this book priceless.” —Chicago Tribune

“A wonderful new book [that] hums with emotional and intellectual energy….It is Dr. Sacks’s gift that he has found a way to enlarge our experience and understanding of what the human is.” Richard Locke, Wall St. Journal

“Engaging…warm…erudite… Sacks is a master at blending science with old fashioned storytelling…he has refined the case-history into an art.” Time

“Oliver Sacks is a chronicler of possibility. In this rich and penetrating exploration of seven ‘deeply altered selves,’ the author of the bestselling The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat and the metaphysical Awakenings opens to the reader doors of perception generally passed through only by those ‘at the far borders of human experience.’” Boston Sunday Globe

“Oliver Sacks is the Carl Sagan or Stephen Jay Gould of his field; his books are true classics of medical writing, of the breadth of human mentality, and of the inner lives of the disabled.” Mary Ellen Curtin

Inspired by An Anthropologist on Mars

The Music Never Stopped – an independent feature film based on “The Last Hippie,” a story in An Anthropologist on Mars. Starring Lou Taylor Pucci, Julia Ormond, J.K. Simmons, and Cara Seymour. Directed by Jim Kohlberg, from a script by Gwyn Lurie and Gary Marks. Chosen to premiere at the 2011 Sundance Film Festival and the Berlin Film Festival. Opening in theaters in March 2011. More info here.

Molly Sweeney – a play by Brian Friel inspired in part by “To See and Not See,” a clinical tale in An Anthropologist on Mars. World premiere Gate Theatre, Dublin, August 1994, with Catherine Byrne, Mark Lambert, and T. P. McKenna; U.S. debut January 1996, Roundabout Theater, with Catherine Byrne, Jason Robards, and Alfred Molina.

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Awakenings https://www.oliversacks.com/oliver-sacks-books/awakenings/ Tue, 08 Mar 2022 19:31:25 +0000 https://www.oliversacks.com/?post_type=oliver-sacks-books&p=2189 "One of the most beautifully composed and moving works of our time." — The Washington Post Awakenings “Awakenings came from the most intense medical and human involvement I have even know, as I encountered, lived with, these patients in a Bronx hospital, some of whom had been transfixed, [...]

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“One of the most beautifully composed and moving works of our time.”

— The Washington Post

Awakenings

“Awakenings came from the most intense medical and human involvement I have even know, as I encountered, lived with, these patients in a Bronx hospital, some of whom had been transfixed, motionless, in a sort of trance, for decades. Migraine was still in the medical canon, but here I took off in all directions–with allegory, philosophy, poetry, you name it.” — Oliver Sacks

Awakenings is the remarkable account of a group of patients who contracted sleeping-sickness during the great epidemic just after World War I. Frozen in a decades-long sleep, these men and women were given up as hopeless until 1969, when Dr. Sacks gave them the then-new drug L-DOPA, which had an astonishing, explosive, “awakening” effect. Dr. Sacks recounts the moving case histories of these individuals, the stories of their lives, and the extraordinary transformations they underwent with treatment. This book, which W. H. Auden called “a masterpiece,” is a passionate exploration of the most general questions of health, disease, suffering, care, and the human condition.

The revised 1990 edition includes new essays on the making of several dramatic adaptations of Awakenings, including Harold Pinter’s play, “A Kind of Alaska,” and the feature film, “Awakenings,” starring Robert De Niro and Robin Williams.

📽 A special Tribeca Talks at Home discussion featuring Robert De Niro, Kate Edgar, Walter Parkes, and Ric Burns—in honor of the 30th anniversary of the 1990, Awakenings film. Recorded in 2020, footage courtesy of Sony Pictures Entertainment.

📽 A special Tribeca Talks at Home discussion featuring Robert De Niro, Kate Edgar, Walter Parkes, and Ric Burns—in honor of the 30th anniversary of the 1990, Awakenings film. Recorded in 2020, footage courtesy of Sony Pictures Entertainment.

Oliver Sacks with Lillian Tighe

📷 Oliver Sacks with the last of the Awakenings patients, Lillian T.

Tobias Picker’s Awakenings opera. Learn more

The 1990 film based on the book Awakenings is now available to watch on Netflix, Apple TV, and a number of streaming services.

Praise for Awakenings

“Compulsively readable. . . . Dr. Sacks writes beautifully and with exceptional subtlety and penetration into both the state of mind of his patients and the nature of illness generally. . . . A brilliant and humane book.” —The Observer

“[Sacks] opens to the reader doors of perception generally passed through only by those at the far borders of human experience.” —The Boston Globe

“A masterpiece.” W. H. Auden

“Experiences so strange that they are difficult to conceive are not limited to travels up the Amazon or to the Moon, but can occur within the confines of the human head…This long sleep and sudden awakening to a strange new world…though so alien, have an immediate power to grip the imagination. It is hardly an exaggeration to say that through this book we live with the dead, brought back from the past…The book is an extraordinary compound of clinical observation and, one feels, deep understanding of the plight of these people…One senses in the author a passion to communicate his discoveries with all the power of his intellect, knowledge and deep compassion–so that we may “awake.’” —Richard Gregory, The Listener

“This book is a neurologist’s account of his experience with a so-called miracle drug from the epidemic of sleeping sickness which swept the world in the 1920s. Dr. Sacks writes beautifully and with exceptional subtlety and penetration into both the state of mind of his patients and the nature of illness in general….Compulsively readable…a brilliant and humane book.” —A. Alvarez, Observer

“It makes you aware of the knife-edge we live on.” Doris Lessing

“This doctor’s report is written in a prose of such beauty that you might well look in vain for its equal among living practitioners of belles lettres.” —Frank Kermode, Daily Telegraph

Inspired by Awakenings

Feature film starring Robin Williams and Robert De Niro, Julie Kavner and John Heard. Produced by Walter Parkes and Larry Lasker, directed by Penny Marshall, screenplay by Steven Zaillian. Released December 1990 by Columbia Pictures. Awakenings was nominated for three Academy Awards. Received the 1991 Scriptor Award. More info here. Stream now.

An opera composed by Tobias Picker, libretto by Aryeh Lev Stollman, based on the book Awakenings by Oliver Sacks. Commissioned for the Opera Theatre of St. Louis. World premiere: June 5, 2021. More info.

Recorded at the October 2019 Awakenings workshop, Opera Fusion in Cincinatti, Ohio.

Recorded at the October 2019 Awakenings workshop, Opera Fusion in Cincinatti, Ohio.

A ballet composed by Tobias Picker and choreographed by Aletta Collins for the Rambert dance company. Premiered in Manchester, England, September 2010. Learn more.

A Kind of Alaska, a one-act play by Harold Pinter, based on Awakenings by author Oliver Sacks . Performed in “Other Places” at National Theatre (Cottesloe), London, Oct. 1982 with Judi Dench, Paul Rogers, & Anna Massey. Directed by Peter Hall.

US Premiere at The Manhattan Theatre Club, New York City, April 1984 with Dianne Wiest, Henderson Forsythe, & Caroline Lagerfelt. Directed by Alan Schneider.

Awakenings, Adapted by Arnold Aprill for a stage reading at City Lit Theater Company, Chicago, Sept. 10, 1987.

Awakenings, Adapted by John Reeves for a dramatic reading, CBC Radio, 1986.

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The River of Consciousness https://www.oliversacks.com/oliver-sacks-books/the-river-of-consciousness/ Sat, 05 Mar 2022 17:12:49 +0000 https://www.oliversacks.com/?post_type=oliver-sacks-books&p=25 “The warm genius of Oliver Sacks comes alive as he tackles everything from memory to Freud’s little-known contributions to neurology, Darwin’s love of flowers and the nature of creativity." — Brainpickings The River of Consciousness Two weeks before his death, Oliver Sacks outlined the [...]

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“The warm genius of Oliver Sacks comes alive as he tackles everything from memory to Freud’s little-known contributions to neurology, Darwin’s love of flowers and the nature of creativity.”

Brainpickings

The River of Consciousness

Oliver Sacks and Kate Edgar with ferns

📷 Oliver Sacks and Kate Edgar enjoying the ferns at Longwood Gardens.

Praise for The River of Consciousness

A joy to read: a delicious supply of information and commentary organized by a gifted writer of a curious and humane intelligence.” —The Washington Times

“Charming and informative….What really unifies “The River of Consciousness” is the unique combination of intellectual rigor and childlike amazement, of bookishness and warmth, which characterizes all of Sacks’s writing. Which other writer who employs footnotes so liberally also so often inspires laughter and tears?” —The Boston Globe

“Fans of the late neurologist have another chance to enjoy this erudite, compassionate storyteller, essayist, and memoirist in what may be his final work. This collection of 10 essays, some of which appeared previously in the New York Review of Books, was assembled by three colleagues from an outline provided by Sacks two weeks before his death in 2015….A collection of dissimilar pieces that reveal the scope of the author’s interests—sometimes challenging, always rewarding.” —Kirkus Reviews

[The] combination of wonder, passion and gratitude never seemed to flag in Sacks’s life; everything he wrote was lit with it. But it was his openness to new ideas and experiences, and his vision of change as the most human of biological processes, that synthesized all of his work.” Nicole Krauss, The New York Times Book Review

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